Rabu, 30 Maret 2022

Can Magnets and a Giant Claw Save Us From Space Junk?

In September 2020, a tiny piece of shrapnel from the body of a Japanese H-2A rocket hurtled toward the International Space Station (ISS) and its crew at 17,500 miles per hour. An hour before the projected collision, flight controllers back on Earth powered up the spacecraft's thrusters and moved it out of the way. That scrap of junk could have punched a hole in the hull of the ISS, and it was the station's third close call in two weeks.

Since the Soviet Union launched Sputnik in 1957, we've sent more than 10,000 objects into orbit. As these spacecraft increasingly collide, break apart, or explode, they generate massive clouds of debris that sweep across low-Earth orbit and pose a threat to the roughly 3,300 functioning satellites we rely on for navigation, communication, and reconnaissance.

NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and other agencies around the world are developing plans with commercial partners and research institutions to declutter Earth's orbit. One organization in particular, the Tokyo-based Astroscale, has proposed a way to remove debris using a magnetic docking plate designed to connect with ailing spacecraft and drag them out of orbit. If successful, the method could become universal.

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